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Thursday, January 19, 2017

和余賊

技 絕
A
求雞催運越筆風
盼主參佛顯靈功
大筆揮就誰與共
力拒潮流箭在弓
B
心急亂投發訖風
靈氣迫人雖技窮
致真求道顯神功
誠心誠意虫化龍

A
勞碌半生手空空
成蟲成龍已無從
閒來無事往山跑
別惶別恐心融融

B
說君從來一條龍
化身變體千億蟲
數十寒暑榮與共
送來兩條塞豆窿

A
千豐萬雄一蛆蟲
頻撲到頭還是窮
殘軀輾轉閒中去
許是成就化骨龍

B
女兒國內一梟雄
三茶兩飯再出公
天地馳騁環山擁
閒來無事勤打龍
A
尋泉翻山容賊夢
柳暗花明夕陽紅
我行我素軀自控
樂得一身累如蟲
B
生來一髏自鳴鐘
夢醒晨曉峯霧濃
大刀屻上嘆北風
一皿琼漿樂無窮

A
喜得清風流兩袖
正值晚冬臘月濛
誤人乍暖還寒凍
康寧添衣需保重
B
余生也晚嘆技窮
賊過興兵又躁動
拜佛吟詩古琴弄
服食焚香畫書幢

Wednesday, January 18, 2017

Sakura Viewing Guide - The 44 Best Sakura Viewing Spots in Japan

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MATCHA NiigataDestinations NiigataBeautiful views Sakura Viewing Guide - The 44 Best Sakura Viewing Spots in Japan
Sakura Viewing Guide - The 44 Best Sakura Viewing Spots in Japan

If you visit Japan in spring, make sure you enjoy the wonderful sight of the sakura (cherry blossoms). This article introduces useful information
Sakura - The Symbol of Spring in Japanese Culture

The number of visitors to Japan from abroad spikes in spring, especially in April as many people come to view the sakura (cherry blossoms), which bloom freely all over the country.

The cherry tree is a deciduous tree in the rose family, which has spread out in the temperate zone of the northern hemisphere, in places such as East Asia, Europe and the North American continent. Pink and white flowers bloom in spring, and they are mostly planted for decoration purposes.

Sakura have been regarded as a symbol of spring since the Heian era, and this has been woven into the cultural consciousness of Japan. They bloom in April, which is considered to be the beginning of a new year in Japan in regards to business and academics. Sakura are also a symbol of a new start, such as graduation, entering a new school or starting new employment. It is a truly special flower for the Japanese.

Currently, there are more than 600 types of sakura in Japan, but the Somei-Yoshino, which spread after the Meiji Period, is the most abundant. It's actually quite fun to travel around Japan and check out the differences between the various types of sakura.

Table of Contents:
1. What is Ohanami?
2. Sakura Viewing Seasons in Major Areas
3. Six Recommended Sakura Viewing Spots in the Tokyo Area
4. Five Recommended Sakura Viewing Spots in the Kanto Region
5. Four Recommended Sakura Viewing Spots in Kyoto
6. Four Recommended Sakura Viewing Spots in the Kansai Region
7. Five Recommended Sakura Viewing Spots in the Chugoku and Shikoku Regions
8. Six Recommended Sakura Viewing Spots in the Tohoku Region
9. Five Recommended Sakura Viewing Spots in the Kyushu Region
10. Four Sakura Viewing Spots in Hokkaido
11. Five Recommended Sakura Viewing Spots in the Chubu and Hokuriku Regions

Ohanami: An Annual Spring Event
In Japan, there is an event called ohanami or ‘cherry blossom viewing party’ in spring, in which people enjoy the sakura in full bloom. This section is about its history and the manners one should heed at ohanami parties.

History: It Began in the Heian Period
Ohanami are said to have started in the Heian era, when aristocrats would gather together under the sakura and write poems. There is also an account of an ohanami in Tale of the Genji, the oldest novel written in Japan, describing it as a custom among the nobility.

Ohanami became popular among the common people over the years. Now, it is seen as an opportunity to have a picnic while viewing the flowers.

Take a look at Did You Know?! All About Ohanami (Japanese) for more.

What You Need for Ohanami

The general idea of ohanami is to find a place where you can view the sakura, cover the ground with a tarpaulin sheet and sit down to view the flowers. Bring your own food and drinks, along with paper cups and saucers, and enjoy a picnic under the flowers.

15 Must-to-Bring for "Ohanami" has more about the things you should prepare for an ohanami, so take a look.

Manners: Sort Out the Trash
Many people come to view the beautiful sakura, and the proper manners of ohanami have become an issue. The following are some points to watch out for.

Don't Leave Your Trash Behind, Sort It Out

At ohanami parties, people enjoy dining with their friends and families in public parks and the like. The amount of trash will grow with the number of participants, but leaving your trash behind or just throwing it away is out of the question.

Trash boxes are set up at the major viewing spots, so be sure to use them. The trash should be sorted out in categories, such as burnable waste, non-burnable garbage, and recycling items, like plastic, cans and bottles.

How to Deal with Trash After "Ohanami" will tell you more on how to handle the trash.

Do Not Harm the Sakura

At ohanami parties, people can enjoy the sakura at arm's length. Some break off a branch to take back home, or rustle the tree to make the petals fall. Sakura are a delicate plant, and such acts may make them wither or not capable of blooming in the future. When you go to ohanami, don't touch the trees, and just enjoy the view.

Viewing Seasons in Major Areas
Sakura blooms in spring, but their cycles differ in each area. The list below shows the blooming dates of major areas, in an average year. The date changes every year, so if you are planning a visit, be sure to check in advance.

Area Start of Bloom Full Bloom
Sapporo May 3rd May 7th
Aomori April 24th April 29th
Sendai April 11th April 16th
Tokyo March 26th April 3rd
Niigata April 9th April 14th
Kanazawa April 4th April 10th
Nagoya March 26th April 3rd
Shizuoka March 25th April 3rd
Osaka March 28th April 5th
Kyoto March 28th April 5th
Nara March 29th April 5th
Hiroshima March 27th April 4th
Matsuyama March 25th April 4th
Fukuoka March 23rd April 1st
Nagasaki March 24th April 3rd
Kagoshima March 26th April 4th
Okinawa January 18th February 4th
Data: Japan Meteorological Agency (Japanese)

Recommended Sakura Viewing Spots
There are sakura viewing spots all over Japan, and the following is a list of major spots in the nine areas.

Six Recommended Sakura Viewing Spots in the Tokyo Area
1. Nakameguro: Meguro River

Photograph: Provided by Meguro Tourism Association

Meguro River is located near Nakameguro Station, which is two stops away from Shibuya Station on the Tokyu Toyoko Line. It is a prominent viewing spot in the Tokyo Metropolitan area. The river is 8 kilometers long, running through Setagaya, Meguro and Shinagawa wards, and in the spring, 800 trees bloom on the riverside along 4 kilometers.

The chic area surrounding the Nakameguro Station is filled with cafes, restaurants and shops. It is also one of the popular, sought-after areas for people to live in. In spring, visitors can spend all day in this area, as they can enjoy viewing the sakura, dine, shop and also enjoy the yozakura (night view of the illuminated sakura).

2. Ueno: Ueno Park

Photograph: provided by JAPAN PHOTO LIBRARY © Yasufumi Nishi/ © JNTO
The Shinkansen, JR Lines and the subway all run through Ueno Station. From the station, it is a three minute walk to Ueno Imperial Park, an expansive park also known as Ueno Park. The park has been famous as a sakura viewing spot from the Edo Period, and people viewing the sakura, with the ubiquitous blue tarpaulins covering the ground, have become a common sight in spring.

The park is illuminated at night, and the visitors can enjoy the yozakura. Public lavatories are located in the park too, so there is no need to worry. There are several museums, a zoo, and cafes in this park, making it a great place to spend a pleasant day out in the city.

3. Shinjuku: Shinjuku Gyoen National Garden

Photograph: provided by Shinjuku Gyoen Management Office, Ministry of the Environment

Shinjuku Gyoen is a large garden, originally built for the Imperial Family. Visitors can enjoy three different types of gardens: the French Garden, with its beautiful tree-lined avenues, the English Landscape Garden, which has a spacious lawn, and the traditional Japanese-style Garden.

There are 65 types of sakura, about 1100 trees in all, planted in the garden, and it might be fun to try and find out the differences between them. Sakura manju (buns with sweet filling), sakura konpeito (pointed sugar candy ball, scheduled for sale in March) and sakura dorayaki (pancakes with filling) are sold at the stands in the garden.

Bringing alcoholic beverages into the garden is prohibited, so if you want to enjoy a quiet atmosphere, this is the perfect spot.

4. Asakusa: Sumida River and Sumida Park

Photograph: provided by JAPAN PHOTO LIBRARY © Yasufumi Nishi/ © JNTO

Asakusa is popular with visitors from abroad as an area where traditional Japanese scenery is still preserved, while Sumida River and Sumida Park, located nearby, are both known as riverside viewing spots.

The sakura along the Sumida River can be enjoyed by just walking along the riverside, or by looking up from a yakatabune (roofed boat with tatami floors). Tokyo Skytree is also nearby, so visitors can enjoy the view of both the sakura and the tower.

5. Roppongi: Mori Park

Photograph: provided by JAPAN PHOTO LIBRARY ©Yasufumi Nishi/ ©JNTO
Mori Park is a surprisingly large, charming Japanese garden, located among the commercial facilities of Roppongi Hills.

Located in the middle of an urban area, the park has a soothing effect on the visitors, becoming popular as a relaxation spot for shoppers and restaurant patrons. The scenery here changes every season, and visitors can enjoy the autumn leaves as well as the cherry blossoms.

6. Den-en-chofu: Sakurazaka

Photograph: provided by Public Relations Office, Ota City

Sakurazaka, located in Den-en-chofu, an upscale residential area, is a viewing spot where you can enjoy a tunnel created by the sakura. "Sakurazaka" is also a title of a song by the popular Japanese singer, Masaharu Fukuyama. Many people come to visit the place which inspired the song, throughout the year.

"Sakurazaka" is a love song, so couples going out on a date often stop to take photographs at Sakurabashi Bridge, located at the top of Sakurazaka. As this viewing spot is located in a residential area, be sure to keep your voice down.

For more information about the sakura viewing spots in the Tokyo Metropolitan area, read Five Sakura Viewing Spots in the Tokyo Area.

Five Recommended Viewing Spots in the Kanto Region
1. Yokohama: Sankeien

Photograph: provided by Sankeien Preservation Society

Sankeien is an immense Japanese garden located in Yokohama, in Kanagawa prefecture. It was a place to support artists, and the year 2016 marks its 110th anniversary.

In spring, the 300 sakura trees blend into the beautiful Japanese landscape. The historic buildings relocated from Kyoto and Kamakura to this garden are also worth a look.

2. Izu: Kawazu-cho

Photograph: provided by Kawazu Tourist Association

The Izu area in Shizuoka Prefecture is known as one of the prominent hot springs areas in Japan. Kawazu-cho is especially known as a sakura viewing spot, as well as for hosting the Kawazu Cherry Blossom Festival.

During the festival, there are places to view the sakura while enjoying an ashiyu (foot bath), and yozakura as well. Visitors can enjoy the different atmospheres of day and night.

3. Kamakura: Tsurugaoka Hachimangu

Photograph: provided by Tsurugaoka Hachimangu

Kamakura, once the capital of Japan, has become famous as a sightseeing spot in Kanagawa prefecture, with its natural environment and various shrines and temples. Tsurugaoka Hachimangu is a major sightseeing spot, where the visitors can enjoy the sakura blending into the scenery full of historic buildings.

The trees are lined up on both sides of the dan-kazura (raised approach to the shrine). Visitors can enjoy strolling around the various souvenir shops and restaurants in the surrounding areas while enjoying the view as well.

4. Yamanashi: Lake Kawaguchi

Photograph: Provided by Tourism Section, Fuji Kawaguchiko Town

Kawaguchiko (Lake Kawaguchi) in Yamanashi Prefecture is located at the foot of Mt. Fuji. It takes about two hours by car or train to reach this area, where visitors can enjoy spectacular views every season, including that of the sakura in spring.

Many people visit the lakeside Nagasaki Park, to view the sakura against the backdrop of Mt. Fuji. The altitude of this area is higher than Tokyo's, meaning that the sakura typically bloom in late April. Those who missed the sakura in Tokyo should definitely visit Kawaguchiko.

5. Fujiyoshida: Chureito Pagoda

The Arakurayama Sengen Park in Fujiyoshida City, located near Mt. Fuji, is famous as a viewing spot boasting 650 sakura trees. It has become popular with visitors from abroad as a spot to enjoy the symbolic view of Mt. Fuji, along with the Chureito Pagoda.

Mt. Fuji, the pagoda and sakura can all be viewed from the observatory, which is also the perfect spot to take photographs. Walking through the sakura tunnel is also very enjoyable.

For more information about the viewing spots in the Kanto Region, read Four Viewing Spots in the Kanto Region (Japanese).

Four Recommended Viewing Spots in Kyoto
1. Maruyama Park

Photograph: Provided by JAPAN LIBRARY © Y.Shimizu/ © JNTO

Maruyama Park is the oldest garden in Kyoto City. It is a traditional Japanese garden, where visitors can enjoy the changing scenery every season.

It is one of the prominent sakura viewing spots in Kyoto, and the illuminated shidare-zakura (weeping cherry tree) is also known as the Gion Yozakura.

2. Daigoji Temple

Daigoji, designated as a World Heritage site, is a temple standing on a vast plot of land. The temple owns buildings and paintings designated as national treasures, and welcomes a large number of visitors throughout the year.

Daigoji has been known as a place to enjoy the sakura, where visitors can enjoy the flowers against the background of historic buildings.

3. Arashiyama

Arashiyama is an area located in the western area of Kyoto, known for its many traditional buildings, shrines and temples.

There are about 1500 sakura trees in this area, where visitors can enjoy viewing the various types. The Togetsukyo Bridge, located near Arashiyama Station, is one of the prominent sakura viewing spots. This area is also famous for its bamboo thickets and the autumn leaves.

4. Heian Jingu Shrine

Heian Jingu Shrine was built in 1895, to commemorate the 1100th anniversary of the capital relocation to Heiankyo (the city that later was to become Kyoto). The main shrine stands alongside a Japanese garden. It is also famous as a sakura viewing spot, where visitors are greeted by the deep pink-colored flowers of a rare sakura named "yae-benishidare-zakura."

In early April, the sakura trees are illuminated at night, and the visitors can also enjoy the yozakura.

Four Recommended Viewing Spots in the Kansai Region
1. Nara: Nara Park

Photograph: provided by and © Nara Visitors Bureau

Nara Park is a symbolic site in Nara city. Famous temples and shrines designated World Heritage, such as the Todaiji Temple, are located in its grounds. This park is also famous for being the home of many wild deers and squirrels.

The small-sized sakura in the park are called 'nara-no-yaezakura'. In this park, visitors can enjoy both the sakura and the wild animals, which is the perfect way to experience the start of spring.

2. Nara: Koriyama Castle

Photograph: provided by Yamatokoriyama City Tourist Association

Koriyama Castle, located at Yamatokoriyama City in the northern area of Nara prefecture, is one of the best sakura viewing spot in the prefecture. The castle was built in 1580, and has been famous as an ohanami spot for more than 400 years.

It is also known as the gotenzakura (sakura area of the palace), as there are more than 1000 sakura trees here. The Yamatokoriyama Castle Festival is held every year, from late March to early April.

3. Osaka: Okawa Riverside

Photograph: provided by and © Osaka Convention and Tourism Bureau

Okawa runs along the borders of Miyakojima and Kita wards in Osaka City. The Kema-Sakuranomiya Park on the Miyakojima side and the Zohei-kyoku (Mint Bureau) on the Kita side, are both known as famous sakura viewing spots.

The Kema-Sakuranomiya Park stretches for 4.2 kilometers on both sides of Okawa. Buildings from the early Meiji period, such as the Zohei-kyoku and the Sempukan (former guesthouse of the Mint Bureau), are also located nearby. In spring, 4800 sakura trees bloom here, and visitors can enjoy the riverside scenery, as well as the cruise on the Okawa, well into the night.

4. Osaka: Osaka Castle

Osaka Castle, located in Osaka City, was built by Hideyoshi Toyotomi - one of Japan's prominent leaders during the Sengoku period, and renovated by Ieyasu Tokugawa (1543 - 1616). It is regarded as one of the three best castles in Japan, and boasts an imposing figure.

The Nishinomaru Garden, designated as an important cultural asset by Osaka city, is famous as an ohanami spot with 300 sakura trees. There is an ume (Japanese plum) grove as well, and visitors can enjoy a wide variety of flowers.

For other viewing spots in the Kansai Region, refer to Five Famous Sakura Viewing Spots in the Kansai Region.

Five Recommended Viewing Spots in the Chugoku and Shikoku Regions
1. Hiroshima: Senkoji Park

Photograph: provided by Onomichi Tourist Association

Onomichi city is one of the popular sightseeing spots in Hiroshima Prefecture. Senkoji Par, located near the Seto Inland Sea, is a prominent sakura spot in Onomichi. The site rises about 100 meters from the sea, and the visitors can enjoy the view of the city, along with the islands.

There are shrines, temples and historic monuments in Onomichi. It is also the entrance to the Shimanami Kaido, a highway connecting the islands in the Seto Inland Sea, which is also popular with cyclists. Visitors can use the ropeway to reach the top of the park.

2. Hiroshima: Ueno Park

Photograph: provided by Hiroshima Prefecture

Ueno Park, located in Shobara city, Hiroshima prefecture, is a sakura viewing spot situated around the Ueno Pond. In spring, sakura blooms around the two kilometer periphery of the pond, creating a colorful scenery.

The Shobara-Ueno Cherry Blossoms Festival is held every year in April, and the nighttime view of the red bridge on the pond and the illuminations make the yozakura look even more beautiful. It takes about 90 minutes by car from Hiroshima city to Shobara, but if you are traveling to Hiroshima, it is worth a visit.

3. Tottori: Utsubuki Park

Photograph: Provided by Tottori Prefecture

Utsubuki Park, located in Kurayoshi city in Tottori prefecture, is a park built at the foot of Mt. Utsubuki, a local symbol. Diverse types of flowers bloom in spring, and many people visit this park to view the sakura.

Mt. Utsubuki has been chosen as one of the 100 forests in Japan suited for Shinrin-yoku (a walk in the forest for therapeutic purposes), and has a serene atmosphere. 500 bonbori (*1) of various sizes illuminate the sakura in nighttime, creating a fantastic view of the yozakura.

*1 Bonbori: Illuminations with paper or silk shades.

4. Ehime: Hirakiyama Park

Photograph: povided by Imabari City Tourism Section

Hirakiyama Park, located in Imabari city in Ehime Prefecture, sits at 149 meters above sea level, on top of Mt. Hirakiyama. About 1000 sakura trees bloom here in the springtime.

From the observatory in the park, visitors can see sightseeing spots such as Hakata Island, Ohshima Bridge, Omishima Bridge and the Tatara Bridge, along with the sakura. There is also a slide and a jungle gym, so the park is great for visiting with the family.

5. Kagawa: Ritsurin Park

Photograph: Provided by Ritsurin Park Tourist Office, Kagawa Prefecture

Ritsurin Park, located in Takamatsu city in Kagawa prefecture, is a historic garden that was built in the Edo period. The garden is a cultural asset, designated as the only "special place of scenic beauty" in the Shikoku region, by the Japanese Government. In 2009, the guidebook Le Guide Vert Japon awarded three stars to Ritsurin Park, and visitors from abroad have taken notice.

In spring, 290 sakura trees bloom here, highlighting the six ponds and thirteen mounds laid out in the garden. There is a restaurant which serves Japanese-style lunch and also matcha tea, so you can spend an entire day in the garden.

For other sakura viewing spots in the Chugoku and Shikoku Regions, read Five Must-See Sakura Spots in the Chūgoku and Shikoku Regions.

Six Recommended Viewing Spots in the Tohoku Region
1. Iwate: Koiwai Farm

*Please note that the reproduction of the photograph above is prohibited.

Koiwai Farm is located in the hills of Mt. Iwate in Iwate Prefecture. Visitors can enjoy the grand view of the mountain, along with the sight of the sheep roaming the pasture land. There is also a cow barn, along with other recreational facilities, so all visitors from children to adults can have fun here.

The most impressive view at Koiwai Farm is the lone sakura tree standing nobly against the background of Mt. Iwate. The green pasture, Mt. Iwate and the single tree create a picturesque viewing spot.

2. Akita: Kakunodate-machi

Photograph: provided by Kakunodate-machi Tourist Association

Kakunodate-machi, located in Senboku City in Akita Prefecture, is an elegant historic town with rows of samurai houses. A part of the town is designated as a cultural asset by the Japanese government, and here is where visitors can enjoy the scenery surrounded by the mountains.

The famous 300 years-old shidarezakura of Kakunodate is illuminated at night.

3. Fukushima: Matsugasaki Park

Photograph: Provided by Yonezawa Tourist Association

Matsugasaki Park, located in Yonezawa, Fukushima prefecture, is a park built on the former site of Yonezawa Castle. 200 sakura trees surrounding the moat bloom in spring, attracting many visitors. The reflection of the sakura on the moat surface, and the petals floating on it, is truly a sight to behold.

4. Fukushima: Natsui Senbonzakura

Photograph: provided by Industrial Promotion Section, Onomachi

There is a sakura viewing spot called Natsui Senbonzakura (the Thousand Cherry Trees of Natsui) at Onomachi in Tamura, Fukushima Prefecture. About 1000 trees line up on both sides of the Natsui River for five kilometers.

The visitors can also enjoy the koinobori (carp streamers), along with the sakura. The sakura blooms late in the Tohoku area, so the duet of a koinobori and sakura can only be seen in this area.

5. Aomori: Towada city, Kancho-gai Dori

Photograph: provided by JAPAN PHOTO LIBRARY © Aomori Prefecture/ © JNTO

Towada-shi kancho-gai dori (the public agencies district) is a sakura viewing spot located in Towada city, Aomori prefecture. In spring, 150 sakura trees bloom here, coloring the street in soft pink.

At Towada-shi kancho-gai dori, visitors can enjoy the contrast created by the green pine trees and the pink sakura. After the full bloom, the streets will be the covered by the pink carpet of scattered petals.

6. Miyagi: Nishi Park

Photograph: provided by Nishi Koen Hanami Sponsorship

Nishi Park, located in Sendai, Miyagi Prefecture is a famous sakura viewing spot, where people enjoy drinks and food sitting on blue tarpaulins laid out on the ground.

Although a reservation is required in advance, air-conditioned tents equipped with cushions are also available, making this park a popular ohanami spot for Sendai citizens.

For further information about the viewing spots in the Tohoku Region, read Six Picturesque Sakura Viewing Spots in the Tōhoku Region.

Five Recommended Viewing Spots in the Kyushu Region
1. Kumamoto: Kumamoto Castle

Photograph: provided by Kumamoto Castle Office

Kumamoto Castle, located in Kumamoto city, is a local symbol, and acclaimed as one of the three best castles in Japan. It was built around 400 years ago, and the grand figure of the castle's black exterior is truly impressive.

The sakura on the grounds bloom in spring, creating a wonderful contrast between the monotone castle and the pink flowers. The sakura trees are illuminated at night, so it is worth a visit at nighttime.

2. Nagasaki: Ohmura Park

Photograph: provided by Ohmura City Tourism Convention Association

Ohmura Park is an ohanami spot located in Ohmura City, Nagasaki Prefecture. The park boasts 21 types of sakura, with 2100 trees in all.

The Ohmura-zakura, designated by the Japanese government as a natural monument, is a rare type of sakura, with more petals than a ordinary sakura, and has the flamboyance of a rose. Most Japanese citizens have not seen it, so if you have the chance, make a visit to the park.

3. Saga: Mifuneyama Rakuen

Photograph: provided by Mifuneyama Tourist Hotel

Mifuneyama Rakuen (The Paradise of Mt. Mifune), located in Takeo, Saga Prefecture, is a grand park where visitors can enjoy the seasonal changes in the scenery. In spring, over 2000 sakura trees and 20,000 azaleas bloom, creating a dreamy, colorful landscape.

During the Hanamatsuri (flower festival), which starts from late March, the sakura are illuminated in the nighttime. There are restaurants and tea houses in the park, so visitors can spend their time there leisurely.

4. Miyazaki: Saitobaru Kofungun

Photograph: provided by Saito City Tourism Association

Saitobaru Kofungun (burial mounds), located in Saito, Miyazaki Prefecture, is a park built among historic remains. Sakura and colza bloom in spring, and the cosmos flowers bloom in autumn.

At Goryohakamae, located inside the cluster of burial mounds, 2000 sakura trees and 300,000 colzas welcome the visitors. The vivid contrast between the pink sakura and the yellow colza catches the eyes of the visitors.

5. Fukuoka: Maizuru Park

Photograph: provided by Fukuoka City

Maizuru Park, located in Fukuoka city, is a park built on the former site of Fukuoka Castle. The castle has a history of 400 years, and turns into an ohanami spot in spring.

The "Fukuoka Castle Sakura Matsuri" is held during sakura season, along with various events, such as the illuminations in the nighttime and the open-air stalls lining up in the grounds. This is a place to enjoy the ohanami in a festive mood.

For further information, read Kyushu Region, read 5 Great Sakura Viewing Spots in Kyūshū.

Four Recommended Viewing Spots in Hokkaido
1. Matsumae: Matsumae Park

Photograph: provided by Matsumae Sightseeing Guide

Matsumae Park, located in Matsumae,southern Hokkaido, is a park built on the former site of Matsumae Castle. Matsumae-cho is the only jokamachi (*2) in Hokkaido, and the park is regarded as a "sakura village," where 250 types, ten thousand sakura trees in all, bloom in springtime.

The Matsumae Sakura Festival is held in the sakura season, with attractions such as a musha (warrior) parades and dance performances. Each type of sakura blooms according to their own cycle, so the visitors can enjoy them for over a month.
*2 Jokamachi: A town which developed around a castle, with remnants such as stone walls and moats.

2. Hidaka: Shizunai Nijukken Road

Photograph: provided by Shinhidaka Sightseeing Information

Shizunai Nijukken Road, located in the Hidaka county, Hokkaido, is an ohanami spot stretching along a straight road. The sakura trees, transplanted from the nearby mountains, spread out for about seven kilometers.

Shizunai Nijukken Road has been chosen as a Hokkaido Heritage site, a collection of various assets to be preserved for the following generations. It has become a prominent viewing spot in Japan, where a total of 200,000 visitors come to enjoy the rows of cherry trees in early May.

3. Hakodate: Goryokaku Tower

Photograph: provided by Hakodate City

Goryokaku Tower is an observatory located in Hakodate City in Hokkaido. From the tower, visitors can view the star-shaped Goryokaku Park. The park is a well-known viewing spot, where 1600 sakura trees bloom in spring.

At that time, the view from above has an appeal of its own, as it shows the landscape painted in pink. Visitors can enjoy it from the tower, which has a transparent floor equipped with reinforced glass. There is also a restaurant and a cafe as well, so the visitors can take their time and enjoy the scenery.

4. Sapporo: Moerenuma Park

Photograph: provided by Sightseeing and Convention Section, Sapporo City

Moerenuma Park is an expansive park located in Sapporo, Hokkaido. The design is unique, with geometric-shaped mountains, fountains and playground equipment laid out all over the park.

The Sakura Forest, where 2300 sakura trees bloom in spring, is the ohanami spot. In this park visitors can enjoy the harmony of nature and art.

For further information, read Four Famous Sakura Viewing Spots in Hokkaidō.

Five Recommended Viewing Spots in the Chubu and Hokuriku Regions
1. Niigata: Takada Park

Takada Park is an ohanami spot located in Joetsu, Niigata Prefecture. Takada Castle was built in the Edo Period, and Takada Park is built on its former site. Visitors can observe the remnants of a jokamachi in this park.

Takada Park is listed among the three best places in Japan to view the yozakura, as the whole park, including the row of sakura trees named Sakura Road, is beautifully illuminated at night. This is a spot worth visiting at night.

2. Nagano: Takato Joshi Park

Takato Joshi Park in Nagano Prefecture is built on the former site of the Takato Castle. It is also famous as an ohanami spot, and listed among the best three viewing spots in Japan.

The local sakura, called Takato kohigan-zakura, is a small type of sakura with a reddish flower. The cute flower has been claimed as the best in the world, and the trees in the park are designated as natural monuments by Nagano Prefecture. This type of sakura can be appreciated only at Takato Joshi Park.

3. Nagano: Matsumoto Castle

Matsumoto Castle in Nagano Prefecture is designated as a national treasure. It is also one of the prominent castles with the tenshukaku (castle tower) still intact. It is called 'Kurosagi (black reef heron) castle', due to its black exterior. In spring, many people visit this castle to enjoy the sakura.

There are 300 sakura trees planted in the site, and this view against the backdrop of the black castle is especially popular with visitors. The sakura is illuminated in the nighttime, so that is another appeal of this spot.

4. Kanazawa: Kenrokuen Garden

Kenrokuen, located in Kanazawa, Ishikawa Prefecture, is one of the best Japanese gardens built in the Edo Period. It is ranked among the three best Japanese gardens, and is where over 400 sakura trees are planted.

There are many old sakura trees of historical interest in the garden, and a rare type of sakura named Kenrokuen Kikuzakura can only be seen in this garden. In early April, the sakura trees will be illuminated at nighttime, and Kenrokuen will be opened to the public for free.

5. Nagoya: Nagoya Castle

Nagoya Castle, located in Nagoya, Aichi Prefecture, was built in the Edo Period, and is regarded as one of the three best castles in Japan. The golden shachihoko (a fabled fish with a lionlike head) figure on top of the castle tower has become the symbol of Nagoya.

There are one thousand sakura trees at Nagoya Castle, and the sight of the sakura and the castle tower is especially breathtaking. Visitors can enjoy the various views of the sakura and the castle at this site.

Sakura are a special spring feature, an embodiment of something Japanese that cannot be described in a single word. If you happen to visit Japan during the spring, use this article as a guide, and enjoy viewing the beautiful sakura.

Also read:
9 Fantastic Cherry Blossom Night Time Illuminations!
Did You Know?! All About Hanami
Experience Spring Festivals and Events in Japan from March to May
15 Must-to-Bring for "Ohanami"
Five Sakura Viewing Spots in the Tokyo Area


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Author & Translator

Jumpei Kawashima
横浜に育ち、古都鎌倉の高校に通い、大学は超都会の渋谷、イギリスのロンドン留学時はなぜか日本食のイベントを立ち上げて料理人、現在はライターをしている未熟者です。 ブログ:一期一会
Translated by Shinji Takaramura

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Saturday, December 24, 2016

今之文豪梁實秋



我生於臘八,自小喝臘八粥,南來香港,難嚐此物。跟我同月同日生的前輩文豪梁實秋先生也愛吃臘八粥,有文云——「我小時候喝臘八粥是一件大事。午夜才過,我的二舅爹爹(我父親的二舅父)就開始作業,搬出擦得鋥光大亮的大小銅鍋兩個,大的高一尺開外,口徑約一尺。然後把預先分別泡過的五穀雜糧如小米、紅豆、老雞頭、薏仁米,以及粥果如白果、栗子、胡桃、紅棗、桂圓肉之類,開始熬煮,不住的用長柄大杓攪動,防黏鍋底。等到臘八早晨,每人一大碗,盡量加紅糖,唏哩呼嚕的喝個盡興。」清麗散文,猶如食經,簡潔明白。我讀先生文章,始於大專時期,偶得《秋室雜文》,有文章記述徐鏡澄老師指導作文,這樣說:「作文忌用過多虛字,該轉的地方,硬轉;該接的地方,硬接。文章便顯著樸拙而有力。」後知後覺,到最近方細味到箇中精髓,終於領悟「眾裏尋他千百度,驀然回首,那人卻在燈火闌珊處。」實秋先生!謝謝你!
《大成》沈社長跟梁實秋熟稔,七十年代中,葦窗兄常到台灣,問我可要謁見梁實秋,電視台工作忙,沒隨行。迨九四年赴台,實秋先生已於八七年去世,緣慳一面,失去聆教機會。詩人余光中最識先生,說他愛提攜後學,唸台大三年級時已愛寫詩,同學將之轉呈梁實秋,看了,回一信鼓勵,非門面話,是予以指點——「新詩囿於浪漫主義,不妨拓寬視野,多讀一點現代詩,例如哈代、浩斯曼、葉慈等人之作品。」一言驚醒詩人,自此思路更闊更廣。可以說沒梁實秋,難有今日余光中。梁實秋跟大千居士一樣,愛吃,更愛煙酒,他說過「不煙不酒,所為何來?」在〈二手菸〉裏,這樣說——「我是吸菸的世家子弟,經過三代的薰染,自然的成為此道老手。我抽雪茄,一天不超過一枝,飯後偶一為之。我抽菸斗,一度終日斗不離手。但是我抽紙菸,則有三十年的歷史,直到日盡一聽,而意猶未足。牙齒薰黑了,指尖染黃了,不以為憾。」不顧儀容,當是「煙精」耳。說到吃之精,大千居士也弗如,〈雅舍談吃〉寫「西施舌、火腿、燒鴨、燒羊肉……」等篇,言簡意賅,回味無窮,今日食經,難望其背。我讀《秋室雜文》、《雅舍小品》,由略看、簡讀到精研,斷斷續續,費時頗久,近日檢出,重讀一過,體會更深。先生一生成就,人人都以翻譯莎劇為重,朱光潛先生不以為然,寫信給梁實秋云——「大作《雅舍小品》對於文學的貢獻在翻譯莎士比亞的工作之上。」梁實秋接信後,無奈起了「文章千古事,得失寸心知」的慨嘆。雅舍、莎譯都是心血,「究竟譯勝於作,還是作勝於譯,我自己也不知道」,似不盡同意朱先生的說法。讀先生散文,要點有二,除了細味文字,還得深入其思想,我以為這才是先生散文的神髓。文字是形,思想是神,形神合,則得益。一九二七年至三六年間,梁實秋跟魯迅打筆戰,雙方在「第三種人」、「文學階級論、人性論」和「硬譯」上激辯,梁實秋推崇他老師白璧德與古典人文主義相呼應的新人文主義,主張「人性二元論」,這跟魯迅的戰鬥文學正好相悖。梁實秋最愛讀的一本書是斯陶達的《對文明的反叛》,此書主旨鮮明,指私有財產為人類文明的基礎,有私有財產制度,政治、經濟才會發展成為文明,因而竭力反對馬克思和恩格斯的反私有財產論。當年共產思想洶洶崩崩,梁實秋的言論自被看作邪魔異道。四二年毛澤東把梁實秋打為「資產階級文學服務的代表人物」,自此,梁氏作品在大陸不見天日。白先勇、余光中咸望平反,我不作如是想,先生文學觀點正確,何須平反!七十多年過去,梁、魯筆戰,誰對誰錯,看來已不需要我這管禿筆來說事了吧! 

沈西城 

Tuesday, December 13, 2016

三月書房

傅月庵 added 5 new photos to the album 【印刻專欄】老共產黨員開的那家書店.
9 hrs
第一次到京都,一大群人;第二次,4個人。清水寺下民宿「古都夢」,六疊大通舖;每晚睡廁所前,三女一男,表決總是輸!日日清早,清水寺晨鐘撞響便起床,拿著地圖,四處晃盪,一直走,反正京都就那麼大,見到廟見到書店便往裡闖。有時也累,半天掛免戰牌。四個人排排坐二樓窗台往下看,全日本小學生、中學生都來見學旅行了,新鮮!看這個看那個,看久了看出名堂:「妳看妳看,那個像美環吧?」「咦,有一個花輪。」「還有還有,丸尾來了……」「這個像浮世繪跑出來的。」「原來卡通造型都有所本啊~」品頭論足忒大聲,燦爛笑著。青春,肆無忌憚。
 
某日往寺町通去。一間看過一間,買這買那,大樂!一保堂買完茶葉後,驟見對面有間書店。舊書店?不能不去!才推開門便有異樣感覺,說不出來。翻翻看看,澀澤龍彥、吉本隆明、荒俣宏、寺山修司……怪咖紛紛湧現。《別冊太陽》、《別冊宝島》、《銀花》,都是我的菜!怎麼這麼多歌集?遂繞著書架,一櫃一櫃看過去,越看越興奮,越抓越多書。確是新書店,可還是怪,不太一樣,依然說不上來,心裡卻自歡喜,想看而看不到的書都幫我找來了。
 
然後,聞到了一股菸香,濃郁襲人……。
 
順著望過去,櫃台一位老先生,想必店主人,正拿菸斗閒閒抽著。
 
老先生頗老,七八十了吧?典型和男,臉面穿著收拾得乾乾淨淨,得體有型。老先生邊抽菸斗邊朝我們看,抽抽看看,像火車冒著煙。目光相視,微微帶笑,大約被吵得知道我等來自異國他鄉了。結帳時,不免聊上兩句,同行友人略通日文,我也阿里不達湊前亂扯:
 
「這書店非常好,我們都很喜歡。」
「是嗎?非常謝謝你們。」
「店裡的書很有特色。」
「你們是台灣人嗎?」
「喔,被看穿了?」
「我猜得出來。呵呵~」
 
大約看我們順眼,老先生忽然起身,往內間呼喊幾聲,有人回應後,即走出櫃台,邀我們到對面喝杯咖啡,聊聊天。一行人受寵若驚,也好奇,跟著去了。
 
問過幾人姓名年紀,講了他對台灣的感覺,一如其他日本人:「啊,我也有幾個朋友住過台灣,戰後才回來。台灣很好,請多多加油啊!」最後一句,初聽莫解其意,喝完咖啡才知道特別祝福彼時風起雲湧的台灣民主運動而說。
 
該我們發言了!爭問書房種種。比手畫腳,又寫又說,幾個人僅有的日文詞彙通通搬了出來。老先生也不嫌煩,親切耐心回答,一個多小時裡,約略得知書店主人一段心事。
 
老先生宍戸恭一,三月書房一代目。1943年就讀慶應大學經濟系,青春如花,少年似歌,卻被徵召進入海軍,學徒出陣,僥倖未死。1950年代,加入共產黨,回到故鄉京都發展組織,搞革命,大串連,糾結同志,幾次舉事都沒成功,被追緝,到處跑,傷心沮喪難當:
 
「我想了又想,心裡非常難過。如此墮落的國民性,若不能從根本改造,革命絕無成功可能。但要如何改造思想呢?」
「最後決定開一家書店,進行思想革命,用書籍喚醒民眾,改造他們的思想,改變日本的命運!」
讓人想起了魯迅,為了拯救麻痺的國民性,棄醫從文,動手寫小說;梁啟超則乾脆斷定:小說救國,促成新民。
 
想定之後,毅然退出共產黨,全心籌劃,書店選在1950年3月1日開幕,隨順世緣取名「三月書房」。
 
書店不大,也就10幾坪,書架不少,應該進哪些書來賣呢?既然是「借書店為鼓吹之地,以書籍為入世之媒」,大家所想到,或當以政治、經濟為主,就算文學,也得具有「進步」色彩才對。老先生卻不這麼想,他以當時自己所最推崇的少壯學者吉本隆明、三木成夫,以及斯坦納(Rudolf Steiner)這位奧地利哲學家、改革家、建築師,有名的「華德福教育」創辦人為主軸,往外一圈一圈擴散出去,漣漪波紋所及,只要找得到的書,通通批進來賣。尚有不足,則以自己感興趣的,譬如和歌歌集為主。至於「進步書刊」,僅僅設了一個櫃子,擺擺左翼機關刊物而已。
 
「這樣賣得了書嗎?」
「當然賣不出去,這些書都很硬,沒什麼人要讀,但這是革命,革命不能叫苦,自己得設法突破啊!」
「怎麼突破呢?」
「寫『書訊』,每個禮拜寫,不停地寄,來過的讀者都寄,也拜託他們介紹新讀者。」
「有用嗎?」
「很慢很慢……」
「那不是很喪氣?」
「是啊,不過為了下一代的幸福,不能放棄!」
「奮戰了多久呢?」
「直到神戶、兵庫都有人專程跑來買書,我才確定書店可以活下去。那大概是開幕後第29年之後的事吧。」
 
29年!簡直不可思議。幾人紛紛舉起大拇指,讚嘆不已。最後提了說不清楚的疑問:「我覺得你這書店跟人家不一樣,但講不出來,好像少了什麼……」
 
老先生聞言大笑:「哈哈~可能是沒有花花綠綠海報,也沒有什麼打折標示的緣故。我的書店裡每一本書都是平等的,不管立櫃或平台,都是插擺,只看得到書脊,沒有哪一本享受特殊待遇。打折促銷是資本主義的作法,我不信也不搞那一套!書跟人一樣,生而平等,對需要的人而言,每一本都是最重要的。你們當編輯,一定要懂這一點……所謂書既是生活之糧,也是有生命之物,所以具有靈魂。」
 
許久以來,早被暢銷書、排行榜洗得腦袋發空的我們,儘管也曾懷疑那一套,終不如這番話直接醍醐灌頂有效。遇緣則有師,信然。
 
二十年前往事。三月書房如今已由第三代經營,「社會主義那一套」也多半改弦易轍了,為了求生存,這都可理解。然而,它終究自成一格,以「販賣20%非主流冷門書籍」而聞名日本,不搶暢銷不追排行,自成一片藍海。出版大崩壞,通路大蕭條的年代裡,這位老共產黨員的一片心事,當很值得聽聽想想。書店未來之路,或許就在那裡也說不定?
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Thursday, December 1, 2016

杨联陞(1914—1990),著名史学家。三十年代得清华名师真传,四十年代负笈哈佛,五十年代成为西方汉学界一流学人,哈佛燕京讲座教授。杨先生治学从经济史入手,兼治文史语言,曾任赵元任助手,与胡适通信论学二十年,余英时称其为“中国文化的海外媒介”,而他自己则自喻“敢比仰山杂货铺”。

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中文书评 
冀朝鼎的《中国历史中的经济要区》 
陈啸江《西汉社会经济研究》的一斑 
评韦尔柏《前汉奴隶制度》 
富路特:《中华民族小史》 
全汉舁:《唐宋帝国与运河》 
吉川幸次郎等:《元曲选释》 
张相:《诗词曲语辞汇释》 
陆澹安编著:《小说词语汇释》 
刘若愚:《中国之侠》 
周策纵编:《文林》 
与王尔敏论学书/48 
关于唐宋商业的两本书 
池田温《中国古代籍帐集录》评介 
寺田隆信《山西商人研究》评介 
郭廷以等:《郭嵩焘先生年谱》 
饶宗颐、戴密微合著:《敦煌曲》 
《敦煌吐鲁番文献研究论集》读后 
与吕叔湘先生笔谈《语文常谈》 
英文书评 
中译英文书评导语(王存诚) 
王力:《中国语法理论》上册 
王力:《中国语法理论》下册 
罗都尔:《(百官志)和(兵志)》 
梅原末治:《东亚考古学概观》 
顾立雅:《孔子其人与神话》 
马里恩·J.李维:《近代中国的家庭革命》 
魏特夫、冯家昇:《中国辽代社会史(907—1125)》 
德范克:《中国的民族主义与语言改革》 
伯戴克:《18世纪前期的中原与西藏》 
伯戴克:《(水经注)里的北部印度》 
鲁道夫、闻宥:《中国西部的汉墓艺术,一、二世纪浮雕集》 
亚历山大·科伯恩·索珀译注:《郭若虚的(图画见闻志)——11世纪中国绘画史》 
威莱:《白居易的生平和时代》 
洪业:《杜甫——中国最伟大的诗人》 
陈受荣:《基础汉语》(附罗马拼音与说写练习) 
仁井田陞:《中国身份法史》 
内藤湖南:《中国近世史》和《中国史学史》 
石田干之助:《唐史丛钞》 
傅斯年:《傅孟真先生集》 
薮内清:《中国的天文学》 
薮内清编:《(天工开物)研究》 
冯友兰著、卜德译:《中国哲学史》第二卷《经学时代(公元前2世纪至公元20世纪)》 
李约瑟:《中国科学技术史》第一卷《导论》 
《中国古代的经济对话录:(管子)选译》 
李雪曼、方闻:《溪山无尽——一帧北宋山水手卷及其在前期中国绘画史上的意义》 
德效骞译注:《班固(前汉书)》(第三卷) 
附:德效骞致学报编辑部信 
答德效骞教授 
郝立庵译:《魏收(释老志):英译(魏书)第114卷汉文原文和冢本善隆的日文注释》 
翟林奈:《大英博物馆藏敦煌汉文写本注记目录》 
约翰·亚历山大·波普:《阿德比尔寺藏中国瓷器》 
华兹生:《司马迁:中国的太史公》 
李惠林:《中国插花》 
霍克斯:《楚辞:南方之歌,古代中国诗集》 
芮沃寿:《中国历史中的佛教》 
华兹生译:《(史记):中国太史公的记载》 
牟复礼:《诗人高启(1336—1374)》 
杜希德:《唐朝的财政管理》 
华兹生:《早期中国文学》、 
妮可·旺迪埃一尼古拉:《北宋鉴赏家米芾(1051—1107)的(画史)》 
杜百胜:《孟子》(为普通读者编注的新译本) 
白乐日:《(隋书·食货志):中国中世纪社会经济研究》(第一卷) 
李约瑟、王铃、普赖斯:《天钟:中世纪中国伟大的天文钟》 
米勒译注:《北周史中对西部各国的记载》 
芮沃寿、杜希德编:《唐朝面面观》 
评鲁惟一《汉简中所见之边政》